2008 ICD-9-CM Volume 1 Diagnosis Codes Home > Diseases Of The Nervous System And Sense Organs 320-389 > Other Disorders Of The Central Nervous System 340-349 > ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345 Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses. 345 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.0 Generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone. Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently accompanies the SEIZURES. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736) 345.0 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.0 contains 18 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.00 Generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy without intractable epilepsy 345.00 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.01 Generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy with intractable epilepsy 345.01 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.1 Generalized convulsive epilepsy A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic (i.e., occurring secondary to known disease processes such as infections, hypoxic-ischemic injuries, trauma, etc.). A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329) 345.1 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.1 contains 14 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.10 Generalized convulsive epilepsy without intractable epilepsy 345.10 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.11 Generalized convulsive epilepsy with intractable epilepsy 345.11 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.2 Petit mal status epileptic 345.2 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis 345.2 contains 5 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.3 Grand mal status epileptic A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) 345.3 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis 345.3 contains 7 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.4 Partial epilepsy with impairment of consciousness A disorder characterized by recurrent partial seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the seizure the individual may experience a wide variety of psychic phenomenon including formed hallucinations, illusions, deja vu, intense emotional feelings, confusion, and spatial disorientation. Focal motor activity, sensory alterations and AUTOMATISM may also occur. Complex partial seizures often originate from foci in one or both temporal lobes. The etiology may be idiopathic (cryptogenic partial complex epilepsy) or occur as a secondary manifestation of a focal cortical lesion (symptomatic partial complex epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317-8) A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the temporal lobe, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (i.e., related to an identified disease process or lesion). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321) 345.4 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.4 contains 22 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.40 Partial epilepsy without intractable epilepsy 345.40 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.41 Partial epilepsy with intractable epilepsy 345.41 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.5 Partial epilepsy without mention of impairment of consciousness A disorder characterized by recurrent localized paroxysmal discharges of cerebral neurons that give rise to seizures that have motor manifestations. The majority of partial motor seizures originate in the FRONTAL LOBE (see also EPILEPSY, FRONTAL LOBE). Motor seizures may manifest as tonic or clonic movements involving the face, one limb or one side of the body. A variety of more complex patterns of movement, including abnormal posturing of extremities, may also occur. A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific stimulus. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli as well as the acts of writing, reading, eating, and decision making are examples of events or activities that may induce seizure activity in affected individuals. (From Neurol Clin 1994 Feb;12(1):57-8) Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain. Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317) 345.5 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.5 contains 47 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.50 Partial epilepsy without impairment of consciousness without intractable epilepsy 345.50 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.51 Partial epilepsy without impairment of consciousness with intractable epilepsy 345.51 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.6 Infantile spasms An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8) Myoclonus epilepsy of infancy and early childhood, characterized by seizures involving the muscles of the neck, trunk, and limbs, and manifested by nodding of the head and flexion of the arms. The seizures are associated with brain abnormalities and frequent mental retardation. 345.6 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.6 contains 9 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.60 Infantile spasms without intractable epilepsy 345.60 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.61 Infantile spasms with intractable epilepsy 345.61 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.7 Epilepsia partialis continua A variant of epilepsy characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished during sleep. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY demonstrates epileptiform (spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may originate from the CEREBRAL CORTEX or from subcortical structures (e.g., BRAIN STEM; BASAL GANGLIA). This condition is associated with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see ENCEPHALITIS, TICK BORNE); Rasmussen syndrome (see ENCEPHALITIS); MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Brain, 1996 April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319) 345.7 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.7 contains 10 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.70 Epilepsia partialis continua without intractable epilepsy 345.70 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.71 Epilepsia partialis continua with intractable epilepsy 345.71 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.8 Other forms of epilepsy 345.8 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.8 contains 6 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.80 Other forms of epilepsy without intractable epilepsy 345.80 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.81 Other forms of epilepsy with intractable epilepsy 345.81 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.9 Epilepsy unspecified A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses. 345.9 is a non-specific code that cannot be used to specify a diagnosis 345.9 contains 29 index entries ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.90 Epilepsy unspecified without intractable epilepsy 345.90 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis ICD-9-CM Diagnosis 345.91 Epilepsy unspecified with intractable epilepsy 345.91 is a specific code that can be used to specify a diagnosis